{"id":6279,"date":"2018-06-19T21:47:53","date_gmt":"2018-06-19T21:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/repeatright.com\/engine\/?p=6279"},"modified":"2018-10-09T15:06:15","modified_gmt":"2018-10-09T15:06:15","slug":"burger-warren","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.repeatright.com\/engine\/burger-warren\/","title":{"rendered":"BURGER, Warren"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u201cHistory is filled with examples of men and women who rendered highly effective performance without the conventional badges of accomplishment in terms of certificates, diplomas, or degrees. Diplomas and tests are useful servants, but Congress has mandated the commonsense proposition that they are not to become masters of reality.\u201d<\/div>\n


\n[vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1453315804311{margin-top: -40px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1449531588223-e020d87d-f7dd094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cFree speech carries with it some freedom to listen.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

Delivering Supreme Court opinion (2 July 1980) Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia<\/em>, 448 U.S. 555, No. 79-243, Argued 19 February 1980, Part IIIa; online via Justia, supreme.justia.com<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1449531588755-96303790-852e094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [U.S. Supreme Court decision. In this excerpt, Burger was summarizing & quoting from the 1978 First National Bank of Boston vs. Bellotti<\/em> decision. Italics original to cited source.]:<\/p>\n

\u201cFree speech carries with it some freedom to listen.<\/span> \u201cIn a variety of contexts, this Court has referred to a First Amendment right to receive information and ideas<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Source note<\/em><\/strong>: Chief Justice Warren Burger delivered the Court judgment. His opinion was joined by Justices Byron White & John Paul Stevens.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1449531589797-29580b31-8c50094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/span><\/strong>: Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia<\/em> (2 July 1980) online via Justia: https:\/\/supreme.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/us\/448\/555\/case.html<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1453315829087-ce67c619-0fbc5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cHistory is filled with examples of men and women who rendered highly effective performance without the conventional badges of accomplishment in terms of certificates, diplomas, or degrees. Diplomas and tests are useful servants, but Congress has mandated the commonsense proposition that they are not to become masters of reality.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

Delivering unanimous Court opinion (8 March 1971) Griggs v. Duke Power Co<\/em>., 401 U.S. 424, Argued 14 December 1970, Docket 124; online via FindLaw, Eagan, MN: FindLaw, caselaw.findlaw.com<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1453315829475-7c82a017-1e625381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [U.S. Supreme Court decision]:<\/p>\n

“The facts of this case demonstrate the inadequacy of broad and general testing devices as well as the infirmity of using diplomas or degrees as fixed measures of capability. History is filled with examples of men and women who rendered highly effective performance without the conventional badges of accomplishment in terms of certificates, diplomas, or degrees. Diplomas and tests are useful servants, but Congress has mandated the commonsense proposition that they are not to become masters of reality.<\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1453315829682-63e8fade-cf4c5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/span><\/strong><\/em>: Griggs v. Duke Power Co<\/em>. (8 March 1971) Decision online via FindLaw: http:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/us-supreme-court\/401\/424.html<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1453316221301{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1453315828001-b5e2e52e-ea1e5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cIf anyone is tempted to regard [humane prison reform] as \u201ccoddling of criminals,\u201d let him visit a prison and talk with inmates and staffs. I have visited some of the best and some of the worst prisons and have never seen any signs of \u2018coddling\u2019 but I have seen the terrible effects of the burden and frustration of empty hours and a pointless existence.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

National Conference on Corrections Address (7 December 1971) Williamsburg, Virginia, cited in \u201cBurger Feels Inmates Need Greater Voice,\u201d Jim Squires, The Tennessean<\/em>, Nashville, Tennessee, p. 5, column 2 [article begins p. 1, abbreviated headline p. 5: \u201cBurger: Inmates Need Voice\u2019]; online via Newspapers.com [subscription service] www.newspapers.com<\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1453315828385-86abfac4-79bf5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]<\/span><\/p>\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [Newspaper coverage of Burger speech]:<\/p>\n

\u201cDiscussing prisoner rights, an issue which triggered recent prison unrest, Burger emphasized the need for athletic and recreational facilities in correctional institutions.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf anyone is temped [sic<\/em>] to regard this as \u2018coddling of criminals,\u2019 let him visit a prison and talk with inmates and staffs,<\/span>\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

\u201cI have visited some of the best and some of the worst prisons and I have never seen any signs of \u201ccoddling\u201d but I have seen the terrible effects of the burden and frustrations of empty hours and a pointless existence.<\/span>\u201d (p. 5, column 2)<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1453315828572-dac97b48-68e05381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/strong><\/span>: \u201cBurger Feels Inmates Need Greater Voice\u201d (8 December 1971) The Tennessean<\/em> via Newspapers.com [subscription service]: https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/image\/111917285<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1449531591105-7edf5f39-feaa094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cIf I were writing the Bill of Rights now there wouldn\u2019t be any such thing as the Second Amendment. \u2026This has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud \u2013 I repeat the word fraud \u2013 on the American public by special interest groups that I have ever seen in my lifetime.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

Interview with Charlayne Hunter-Gault (16 December 1991) MacNeil\/Lehrer NewsHour, <\/em>PBS television; excerpt online via \u201cPBS NewsHour Digitization Project Reel,\u201d American Archive (video – 13:52. Burger’s statement begins 8:07) Vimeo, www.vimeo.com<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1449531591631-43861bc7-da28094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong>: [Interview]\n

Chief Justice Burger<\/u>: \u201cIf I were writing the Bill of Rights now there wouldn\u2019t be any such thing as the Second Amendment.\u201d<\/p>\n

Charlayne Hunter-Gault<\/u>: \u201cWhich says..?\u201d<\/p>\n

Chief Justice Burger<\/u>: \u201cThat a well-regulated militia, being necessary for the defense of the State\u2026the peoples\u2019 rights to bear arms.\u201d This has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud <\/em>\u2013 I repeat the word fraud <\/em>\u2013 on the American public by special interest groups that I have ever seen in my lifetime. Now just look at those words. There are only three lines to that Amendment. \u201cA well-regulated militia.\u201d If the militia, which was going to be the state army, was going to be well regulated, why shouldn\u2019t sixteen and seventeen and eighteen or any other age persons be regulated in the use of arms the way an automobile is regulated?\u201d<\/p>\n

Source note<\/em><\/strong>: Recorded excerpt of Burger\u2019s televised interview appears on an interview highlight compilation which also features NewsHour interviews with The Shah of Iran, Nelson Mandela, Bill Clinton, and other notable figures.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1449531592891-f39e055b-a66e094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/span><\/strong>: \u201cPBS NewsHour Digitization Project Reel\u201d (2016) online via Vimeo: https:\/\/vimeo.com\/157433062<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1453316221301{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1453315828001-b5e2e52e-ea1e5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cJudges are not appointed to reflect what people are thinking. They rule on the basis of law, not public opinion, and they should be totally indifferent to pressures of the times.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Power of Judicial Review\u201d (11 February 1987) Charlotte Saikowski, Christian Science Monitor<\/em>, Washington, D.C.; online via The Christian Science Monitor, www.csmonitor.com<\/a> [original print edition page, volume numbers not shown]\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1453315828385-86abfac4-79bf5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [Comments in a newspaper article about judicial review & the American justice system]:<\/p>\n

\u201cMr. Burger, now the chairman of the Commission on the Bicentennial of the Constitution, recalls the first \u2018women\u2019s lib\u2019 case in 1971 (Reed v. Reed<\/em>), when the court struck down a discriminatory Idaho law against appointing women as estate executors. \u2018Some things are around for a hundred years \u2013 like discrimination against women \u2013 and never challenged,\u2019 Burger says. \u201cThen new attitudes arise.\u201d<\/p>\n

But, he stresses, \u201cJudges are not appointed to reflect what people are thinking. They rule on the basis of law, not public opinion, and they should be totally indifferent to pressures of the times.<\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1453315828572-dac97b48-68e05381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/strong><\/span>:\u00a0\u201cThe Power of Judicial Review\u201d (11 Feb 1987) Christian Science Monitor<\/em>: http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/1987\/0211\/zcon4.html<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1449531591105-7edf5f39-feaa094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cThe entire legal profession \u2013 lawyers, judges, law teachers \u2013 has become so mesmerized with the stimulation of the courtroom contest that we tend to forget that we ought to be healers \u2013 healers of conflicts. Doctors, in spite of astronomical medical costs, still retain a high degree of public confidence, because they are perceived as healers. Should lawyers not be healers? Healers, not warriors? Healers, not procurers? Healers, not hired guns?\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

\u201cThe State of Justice,\u201d Address to American Bar Association (12 February 1984) Midyear meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada; text in ABA Journal<\/em>, Vol. 70, April 1984, Chicago, IL: American Bar Association, column 3, p. 66; online via Google, www.google.com<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1449531591631-43861bc7-da28094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [Address to American Bar Association members]:<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen we see costs of justice rising, when we see our standing in public esteem falling, something is wrong. If we ask the question \u201cWho is responsible?\u201d the answer must be: We are. I am. You are.\u201d \u201cThe entire legal profession \u2013 lawyers, judges, law teachers \u2013 has become so mesmerized with the stimulation of the courtroom contest that we tend to forget that we ought to be healers \u2013 healers of conflicts. Doctors, in spite of astronomical medical costs, still retain a high degree of public confidence, because they are perceived as healers. Should lawyers not be healers? Healers, not warriors? Healers, not procurers? Healers, not hired guns?<\/span>\u201d (p. 66)<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1449531592891-f39e055b-a66e094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/strong><\/span>: \u201cThe State of Justice\u201d (12 Feb. 1984) American Bar Association Journal<\/em>, via Google Books: https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=ghLd6FgGPAAC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=Doctors,+in+spite+of+astronomical+medical+costs,+still+retain+a+high+degree+of+public+confidence<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1453316221301{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1453315828001-b5e2e52e-ea1e5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

\u201cThere are many prices we pay for freedoms secured by the First Amendment; the risk of undue influence is one of them, confirming what we have long known: Freedom is hazardous, but some restraints are worse.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Warren E. Burger<\/strong>, American Chief Justice of the Supreme Court<\/p>\n

Concur in Part\/Dissent in Part, Buckley v. Valeo <\/em>(30 January 1976) 424 U.S. 1, Argued 10 November 1975, No. 75-436; online via Buckley v. Valeo<\/em>, Legal Information Institute (LII), Cornell University Law School, law.cornell.edu<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1453315828385-86abfac4-79bf5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [Supreme Court decision. Concur\/Dissent in Part]:<\/p>\n

\u201cIn my view, Congress can no more ration political expression than it can religious expression; and limits on political or religious contributions and expenditures effectively curb expression in both areas. There are many prices we pay for the freedoms secured by the First Amendment; the risk of undue influence is one of them, confirming what we have long known: freedom is hazardous, but some restraints are worse.<\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-search” add_icon=”true” title=”Source Link” tab_id=”1453315828572-dac97b48-68e05381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

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Source link<\/em><\/strong><\/span>: Buckley v. Valeo<\/em> (30 Jan. 1976) Legal Information Institute (LII), Cornell University Law School: https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/who_we_are<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_tta_tabs style=”modern” shape=”square” active_section=”1″][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-book” add_icon=”true” title=”Citation” tab_id=”1449531591105-7edf5f39-feaa094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Warren E. Burger – Misattributed<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cThe breach of neutrality that is today a trickling stream may all to soon become a raging torrent.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

~Tom C. Clark<\/strong><\/span>, American Supreme Court Justice<\/p>\n

Court opinion (17 July 1963) School District of Abington <\/em>Township, Pennsylvania v. Schempp<\/em>, No. 142, 374 U.S. 203, Argued Feb. 27-28, 1963, Part V; online via Justia, supreme.justia.com<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-ban” add_icon=”true” title=”Misquotes” tab_id=”1453315828190-b4d7b461-d58d5381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Misattibution notes<\/em><\/strong><\/span>:\u00a0Justice Clark\u2019s decision has been misattributed to fellow Supreme Court member Warren E. Burger<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section i_icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-plus-circle” add_icon=”true” title=”Context” tab_id=”1449531591631-43861bc7-da28094f-cf635381-89e56214-ba49″][vc_column_text css_animation=”none”]\n

Extended excerpt<\/em><\/strong> [Supreme Court Majority Ruling]:<\/p>\n

\u201cFurther, it is no defense to urge that the religious practices here may be relatively minor encroachments on the First Amendment. The breach of neutrality that is today a trickling stream may all too soon become a raging torrent and, in the words of Madison, \u201cit is proper to take alarm at the first experiment on our liberties.\u201d<\/p>\n

Source note<\/em><\/strong>: Justice Clark delivered the Supreme Court majority opinion in an 8-1 decision. In the decision, the justices ruled that requiring public school students to participate in school religious exercises violated their First Amendment rights of free exercise & religious expression, and the Fourteenth Amendment Establishment Clause.<\/p>\n

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Source link<\/em><\/strong><\/span>: Abington School District v. Schempp<\/em> (17 July 1963) FindLaw.com: http:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/us-supreme-court\/374\/203.html<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]\n

Resources<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css_animation=”none” el_class=”Wrapper-Author-Resources”]Learn more about Warren E. Burger<\/strong><\/span>| Here are a few good places to find out more –<\/p>\n